JAMES HAMILTON, 2nd earl of Arran and duke of Chatelherault (1515?-75), became heir presumptive to the throne on the death of James V. and the accession of Mary, and was appointed pro tector of the realm. Af ter arranging for a marriage between Mary and Prince Edward (afterwards Edward VI. of England) ; he sud denly joined the French party, repudiated the proposed English marriage and repudiated Protestantism. After a first resistance he agreed to share the regency with Mary of Lorraine. The repudia tion of the English alliance brought war with England, and the Scots were defeated at Pinkie. He then agreed to the marriage of Mary with the dauphin of France, and in 1554 resigned office. In however, he joined the Lords of the Congregation and be came one of the provisional governors of the kingdom. He was in disgrace and exiled from to 1569, but on her abdication Mary named him one of the regents for her son James VI. and he re turned to Scotland to support the queen's cause. It was not until 1573 that he admitted James's authority and laid down his arms. He died Jan. 22 1575.