BAEDEKER, KARL (1801-1859), German publisher, was born at Essen, Nov. 3, 18o1. His father had a printing establish ment and bookshop there, and Karl followed the same business in dependently in Coblenz. Here he began to issue the first of the series of guide-books with which his name is associated. They fol lowed the model of the English series instituted by John Murray, but developed in the course of years so as to cover the greater part of the civilized world, and later were issued in English and French as well as German. Baedeker's son Fritz carried on the business, which in 1872 was transferred to Leipzig. Baedeker's success was due to systematic personal hard work. He is said to have been in the habit of travelling incognito and noting the minutest partic ulars of management in the hotels he visited. The firm maintained a tradition of employing good scholars and geographers in the prep aration of its guide books.