Richard Fitzalan

RICHARD FITZALAN (1267-1302), earl of Arundel, f ought for Edward I. in France and Scotland, and died March 9 1302.

He was succeeded by his son, EDMUND (1285-1326), who mar ried Alice, sister of John, earl de Warenne. A bitter enemy of Piers Gaveston, Arundel was one of the ordainers appointed in 1310; he declined to march with Edward II. to Bannockburn, and after the King's humiliation he was closely associated with Thomas, earl of Lancaster, until about 1321, when he became connected with the Despensers and sided with the King. He was faithful to Edward to the last, and was executed at Hereford by the partisans of Queen Isabella on Nov. 17 13 26.

His son,

RICHARD (C. 1307-76), who obtained his father's earl dom and lands in 1331, led one of the divisions of the English Army at Crecy and took part in the siege of Calais ; he also f ought in the naval battle with the Spaniards off Winchelsea in August 1350. He was regent of England in 1355, and died Jan. 24 1376, leaving three sons, the youngest of whom, Thomas, became Arch bishop of Canterbury.

Richard's eldest son, RICHARD 0346-97), earl of Arundel and Surrey, was a member of the royal council during the minority of Richard II., and about 1381 was made one of the young King's governors. As admiral of the west and south he gained a victory over the French and their allies off Margate in 1387. About 1385 the earl joined the baronial party led by the King's uncle, Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, and in 1386 was a member of the commission appointed to regulate the kingdom and the royal household. Then came Richard's rash but futile attempt to arrest Arundel, which was the signal for the outbreak of hostilities. The Gloucester faction quickly gained the upper hand, and the earl was again a member of the royal council. After a personal altercation with the King at Westminster in the same year Arun del underwent a short imprisonment. In 1397 he was tried, was attainted and sentenced to death, and was beheaded on Sept. 21 His tomb in the church of the Augustinian Friars, Broad Street, London, was long a place of pilgrimage.

His only surviving son, THOMAS (1381-1415), was a ward of John Holand, duke of Exeter, from whose keeping he escaped about 1398 and joined his uncle, Archbishop Thomas Arundel, at Utrecht, returning to England with Henry of Lancaster, after wards King Henry IV., in 1399. After Henry's coronation he was restored to his father's titles and estates. Arundel joined the party of the Beauforts, and was one of the leaders of the English Army which went to France in 1411 ; then of ter a period of retire ment he became lord treasurer on the accession of Henry V. He died Oct. 13 1415. His wife was Beatrix (d. 1439), a natural daughter of John I., king of Portugal, but he left no children, and the lordship of Arundel passed to a kinsman, JOHN FITZALAN, Lord Maltravers (1385-1421), who was summoned as earl of Arundel in 1416.

John's son, JOHN (1408-35), did not secure the earldom until when as the "English Achilles" he had already won great dis tinction in the French wars. He was created duke of Touraine, and continued to serve Henry VI. in the field until his death, June 12 1435, at Beauvais from the effects of a wound. The earl's only son, Humphrey, died in April 1438, when the earldom passed to John's brother, WILLIAM (1417-88).