BANFF, royal, municipal and police burgh, seaport and capi tal of Banffshire, Scotland. Pop. ( 3,489. It is beautifully situated on high ground, on the left bank of the mouth of the Deveron, som. north-west of Aberdeen by the L.N.E. railway. Its first charter was granted by Malcolm IV. in 1163, and further privileges were conferred by Robert Bruce in 1324 and Robert II. in 1372. A castle was built (1750) on the site of an old one near the sea where Archbishop Sharp was born. Leather, rope and sails are made, and there are a distillery, an iron foundry and timberyards, besides some shipbuilding. The fishing trade is also important. The burgh is under provost and council. Alex ander Cassie of London, a native of Banff, left f 20,000 to the poor of the town. Duff House, immediately adjoining the town, was a seat of the duke of Fife. It was built in 1740-45, after de signs by Robert Adam, at a cost of £ 70,000. The house, which contains a fine collection of pictures and an interesting armoury, with about 14o acres of park, was presented to the towns of Banff and Macduff (on the opposite side of the Deveron) by the duke of Fife in 1906. It is now used as a sanatorium.