BASILICATA, a territorial division of Italy, comprising the provinces of Matera and Potenza, part of the ancient Lucania (q. v.) . It is bounded on the north by the province of Foggia, north-east by those of Bari and Lecce, east by the Gulf of Taranto (for a distance of 24 miles), south by the province of Cosenza, and west by the Mediterranean and the provinces of Salerno and Avel lino. Area, 3,8J4sq.m. The province is mountainous, with M. Pollino (7,3 2 5 f t.) on the boundary of Cosenza, while the M. Vul ture, at the north-western extremity, is an extinct volcano ft.). Five rivers, the Bradano (104 miles long), Basento, Cavone or Salandrella, Agri and Sinni run south-east or east into the Gulf of Taranto. The railway from Naples eastward to Taranto and Brindisi passes through Potenza and reaches at Metaponto the east coast line from Taranto to Reggio di Calabria. A branch line runs north from Potenza via Melfi to Rochetta S. Antonio, a junction for Foggia, Gioia del Colic and Avellino (the second of these lines runs through the province of Potenza as far as Palazzo S. Ger vasio), while a branch southward from the Naples and Taranto line at Sicighano terminates at Lagonegro on the western edge of the province. The mountains are still to some extent clothed with forests; in places the soil is fertile, especially along the Gulf of Taranto. Olive-oil is the most important product. Pop. There are no towns of any size.