BATTENBERG, the name of a family of German counts, which died out about 1314, whose seat was the castle of Keller burg, near Battenberg, a small place in the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau. The title was revived in 1851, when Alexander (1823-88), a younger son of Louis II., grand-duke of Hesse, con tracted a morganatic marriage with a Polish lady, Countess Julia Theresa von Hauke (18 2 , who was then created countess of Battenberg. From 1858 the countess and her children were raised to the rank of princes and princesses of Battenberg, with the right to use the additional title of Durchlaucht or Serene Highness. In 1917 the eldest son of this union, Louis Alexander (1854-1921), who had become an admiral in the British navy, was created Marquess of Milford Haven (see MILFORD HAVEN, Louis ALEXANDER), and, at the request of King George V., the members of the family who lived in England renounced the German title of prince of Battenberg and adopted the surname of Mountbatten. The second son, Alexander Joseph was elected Prince Alexander I. of Bulgaria in 1879. (See ALEX ANDER OF BATTENBERG.) Henry Maurice, the third son, married on July 23, 1885, Beatrice, youngest daughter of Vic toria, queen of England, became a naturalized Englishman and was appointed captain-general and governor of the Isle of Wight and governor of Carisbrooke. He died at sea, on Jan. 20, 1896, of a fever contracted on active service with the British troops during the Ashanti War. The fourth son, Francis Joseph (1861 1924) married, in 1897, Anna, daughter of Nicholas I., prince of Montenegro, and was the author of Die volkswirtscha f tliche Entwickelung Bulgariens von 1879 bis zur Gegenwart (Leipzig, 1891). The only daughter of the princess of Battenberg, Marie Caroline (1852-1923), was married in 1871 to Gustavus Ernest, prince of Erbach-Schonberg. (For the descendants, with three exceptions, of princes Louis Alexander and Henry Maurice see MOUNTBATTEN.) Princess Alice of Battenberg (born in 1885), daughter of Prince Louis, and Victoria Eugenie (Princess Ena of Battenberg) (b. 1887), only daughter of Prince Henry, were both married before 1917, when the German title was renounced, the former to Prince Andrew of Greece, and the latter to Alphonso XIII., king of Spain. Prince Henry's youngest son, Maurice of Battenberg, was killed in action near Ypres on Oct. 27, 1914, when serving with the King's Royal Fusiliers.