BORNHOLM, an island in the Baltic Sea, 22 M. S.E. of the Swedish coast, belonging to Denmark, lying in i5° E., and between and 55° 18' N., and measuring 24 m. from south-east to north west and 19 from east to west. Pop. The surface is generally hilly, and the granite hill of Helligdomsklipper domi nates the island. The variety of rocks in Bornholm is remarkable when the uniformity of the other Danish Islands is considered. Besides freestone, exported for building, limestone, blue marble and porcelain-clay are worked and some coal is used locally. Oats, flax and hemp are cultivated. Fishing, the manufacture of earthen ware, weaving and clock-making are also carried on. The capital is Rfnne (115 m. from Copenhagen) ; other small towns are Svanike, Neks˘ (the birthplace of Madvig, 1804-1886) , Hasle, Allinge and Sandvig. A railway connects R˘nne with NeksO (22 m. E. by S.) . The island attracts many visitors. On the north-west coast is the ruined castle of Hammershus, built in 1158, which long served as a state prison. In early times the island was the inde pendent seat of marauding vikings. It has several round churches. In the 12th century it became a fief of the archbishop of Lund. Captured by the Hanseatic League (1510) it came under Danish sway in 1522 and in 1526 was made subject to the city of Lubeck. Though captured by Sweden (1645) the sympathies of the people were with Denmark, and the Swedish forces were expelled, the island falling finally to Denmark in 166o.