BONNEVAL, CLAUDE ALEXANDRE, COMTE DE French soldier of fortune, known as Ahmed Pasha. He entered the Royal Marine Corps at 13, and at 16 transferred to the army. He served until 1704, when he was court-martialled for insolence. He then took service under Prince Eugene, and, with a short interval, served in the Austrian army until 1724, when his ungovernable temper again brought him into disgrace. He then entered the Turkish service and took the name of Ahmed, reorganized the Turkish artillery, and was made a pasha. He served in the sultan's wars against Russia and Persia, and died in Constantinople on March 23, The Memoirs published under his name are spurious. See Prince de Ligne, Memoire sur le Comte de Bonneval (181 7) ; and A. Vandal, Le Pasha Bonneval (1885).