BURGOYNE, SIR JOHN FOX, Bart. (1782-1871), Brit ish field-marshal, was an illegitimate son of General John Bur goyne (q.v.). He was educated at Eton and Woolwich, obtained his commission in 1798, and served in 1800 in the Mediterranean. He took part in the Egyptian expedition of 1807, and was with Sir John Moore in Sweden in 18o8 and in Portugal in 1808-9. In the Corunna campaign Burgoyne held the very responsible posi tion of chief of engineers with the rear guard of the British army (see PENINSULAR WAR). He served with great distinction through out the Peninsular War, and after the battle of Vittoria, in 1813, he became commanding engineer on Lord Wellington's staff. At the end of the war he received the C.B. In the campaign of 1814-15 he served at New Orleans and Mobile. Burgoyne was largely employed, during the long peace which followed Waterloo, in other public duties as well as military work. In 1851 he was promoted lieutenant-general, and in the following year received the G.C.B. When the Crimean War broke out he accompanied Lord Raglan's headquarters to the East, superintended the disem barkation at Old Fort, and was in effect the principal engineer ad viser to the English commander during the first part of the siege of Sevastopol. In 1868 on resigning his post as inspector-general of fortifications, which he had held for over 20 years, he was made a field-marshal ; Parliament granted him, at the same time, a pen sion of £1,500. He died Oct. 7, 1871, a year after the tragic death of his only son, Captain Hugh Talbot Burgoyne, V.C. 1870), who was in command of H.M.S. "Captain" when that vessel went down in the Bay of Biscay (Sept. 7, 187o).
See Life and Correspondence of F.M. Sir John Burgoyne (edited by Lt.-Col. Hon. G. Wrottesley, R.E. 1873) ; Sir Francis Head, A Sketch of the Life and Death of F.M. Sir John Burgoyne (1872) ; Military Opinions of General Sir John Burgoyne (ed. Wrottesley, 1859), a collection of the most important of Burgoyne's contributions to military literature.