Robert Burton
Burton, Robert (1577-1640), English Divine And Au Thor Of The Anatomy Of Melancholy, Was Born At Lindley, Leices Tershire, On Feb. 8, 1577. He Was Educated At Sutton Coldfield And Nuneaton, Became A Commoner Of Brasenose College, Oxford, In 1593, And Six Years Later Was Elected A Student At Christ ...
Robert Lee Bullard
Bullard, Robert Lee ), American Soldier, Was Born At Youngsboro, Ala., On Jan. 15, 1861. He Graduated From West Point Military Academy In 1885 And Was Appointed First Lieutenant In 1892. He Served In Various Capacities In The Spanish-american War, And In The Philippines From 1902 To 1904. He Was ...
Robert Ohara Burke
Burke, Robert O'hara (18 20-186r ) , Australian Ex Plorer, Was Born At St. Cleram, Co. Galway, Ireland, In 182o, Entered The Austrian Army, Left It In 1848, And Joined The Royal Irish Constabulary. Five Years Later He Emigrated To Tasmania, And Shortly Afterwards Crossed To Melbourne, Where He Became ...
Robert Wilhelm Von Bunsen
Bunsen, Robert Wilhelm Von German Chemist, Was Born At Gottingen On March 31, 1811. He Was Professor Of Chemistry At Kassel, Marburg, Breslau, And From 1852 To A Few Months Before His Death On Aug. 16, 1899, At Heidelberg. His First Important Research Work Was Concerned With The Cacodyl Compounds, ...
Robert Williams Buchanan
Buchanan, Robert Williams Brit Ish Poet, Novelist And Dramatist, Son Of Robert Buchanan (1813 66), Owenite Lecturer And Journalist, Was Born At Caverswall, Staffordshire, And Was Educated At The High School And The Univer Sity Of Glasgow. After A Period Of Struggle And Disappointment In London Buchanan Published Undertones In ...
Roger De Rabutin Bussy
Bussy, Roger De Rabutin, Comte De (1618-1693), Known As Bussy-rabutin, French Writer, Was Born On April 13, 1618, At Epiry, Near Autun. His Father, Leonor De Rabutin, Was Lieutenant-general Of The Province Of Nivernais. Roger Entered The Army When He Was Only 16 And Fought Through Several Cam Paigns, Succeeding ...
Roman Britain I
Roman Britain I. The Roman Conquest.—the Conquest Of Britain Was Un Dertaken By Claudius In A.d. 43. Two Causes Coincided To Pro Duce The Step. On The One Hand A Forward Policy Then Ruled At Rome, Leading To Annexations In Various Lands. On The Other Hand, A Probably Philo-roman Prince, ...
Ronald Montagu Burrows
Burrows, Ronald Montagu Brit Ish Scholar And Archaeologist, Was Born At Rugby And Educated At Charterhouse And Christ Church, Oxford. While Assistant To Prof. Gilbert Murray In The Greek Department At Glasgow Univer Sity, 1891-97, He Started His Excavations At Pylos And Sphacteria Which Had The Important Result Of Vindicating ...
Rupert Brooke
Brooke, Rupert (1887-1915), English Poet, Son Of William Parker Brooke And Mary Cotterill, Was Born At Rugby On Aug. 3, 1887, And Educated In His Father's House At Rugby School. After Winning Poetry Prizes And Playing Cricket And Foot Ball For The School, He Went To King's College, Cambridge, With ...
Saint Bridget
Bridget, Saint (453-523), One Of The Patron Saints Of Ireland, Was Born At Fochart, In County Louth, Her Father Being A Prince Of Ulster, And Her Mother A Bondmaid. Bridget And Her Mother Were Sold To A Wizard, Who Brought Up The Little Girl, And On Being Converted By Her ...
Saint Bruno Of Querfurt
Bruno Of Querfurt, Saint (bonifacrus) 1009), German Missionary Bishop And Martyr, Belonged To The Family Of The Counts Of Querfurt In Saxony. He Was Educated At The Famous Cathedral School At Magdeburg, And At The Age Of 20 Was Attached To The Clerical Household Of The Emperor Otto Iii. In ...
Saint Bruno
Bruno, Saint, Founder Of The Carthusians, Was Born In Cologne About 1 O3o ; He Was Educated There And Afterwards At Reims And Tours, Where He Studied Under Berengarius (q.v.). He Was Ordained At Cologne, And In 1057, Recalled To Reims To Become Head Of The Cathedral School And Overseer ...
Samuel Butler
Butler, Samuel (1774-1839), English Classical Scholar And Schoolmaster, And Bishop Of Lichfield, Was Born At Kenilworth. He Had A Brilliant Career At Cambridge. In 1798 He Became Head Master Of Shrewsbury School. In 1802 He Was Presented To The Living Of Kenilworth, In 1807 To A Prebendal Stall In Lichfield ...
Samuel Butler_2
Butler, Samuel (1835-1902), English Author, Son Of The Rev. Thomas Butler, And Grandson Of Samuel Butler, Bishop Of Lichfield (q.v.), Was Born At Langar, Notts., On Dec. 4, He Was Educated At Shrewsbury School And At St. John's College, Cambridge, Where He Narrowly Missed A Classical Fellowship. He Wished To ...
Samuel Henry Butcher
Butcher, Samuel Henry British Scholar, Was Born In Dublin And Educated At Marlborough And Trinity College, Cambridge. He Was Senior Classic (1873) ; Assist Ant Master At Eton ; Then Fellow And Lecturer In Classics At Trinity (1874) ; Tutor And Fellow Of University College (1876) ; And Pro Fessor ...
Samuel Morison Brown
Brown, Samuel Morison (1817-1856), Scottish Chemist, Poet And Essayist, Born At Haddington On Feb. 23, 1817, Studied At Edinburgh, Berlin And St. Petersburg. In 185o He Published A Tragedy, Galileo Galilei, And Two Volumes Of His Lec Tures On The Atomic Theory And Essays Scientific And Literary Appeared In 1858, ...
Scipione Breislak
Breislak, Scipione (1748-1826), Italian Geologist Of German Parentage, Was Born At Rome, Where He Was A Professor In The College Of Ragusa, And Then In The Collegio Nazareno. The King Of Naples Invited Him To Inspect The Mines And Similar Works In That Kingdom, And Appointed Him Professor Of Miner ...
Sebastian Brant
Brant, Sebastian (1457-1521), German Humanist And Satirist, Was Born At Strasbourg About The Year 1457. He Studied At Basle, Took The Degree Of Doctor Of Laws In 1489, And For Some Time Held A Professorship Of Jurisprudence There. Returning To Strasbourg He Was Made Syndic Of The Town, And Died ...
Serra De Bussaco
Bussaco, Serra De, A Mountain Range On The Frontiers Of The Aveiro, Coimbra And Vizeu Districts Of Portugal. The Highest Point Is The Ponta De Bussaco (1,795ft.), With A Magnifi Cent View Over The Serra Da Estrella, The Mondego Valley And The Atlantic Ocean. Luso (pop. 1,870), A Village Celebrated ...
Sextus Afranius Burrus
Burrus, Sextus Afranius, Roman General, Was Ap Pointed Prae F Ectus Praetorio By Claudius In A.d. 52, On The Recom Mendation Of Agrippina, Who Thought One Head Of The Praetorian Cohorts Would Be More Amenable Than Two. He Was Joint Tutor To Nero With Seneca, And Organized Nero's Acclamation By ...
Shan States
Shan States.) For Burmese Law See Indian Law. Agriculture And Industries.—burma Is Essentially An Agri Cultural Country. Only 15% Of The People Were Classed As Urban In 1921, And A Considerable Proportion Of This Number Were Natives Of India. The Agriculture Is Concentrated On The Alluvial Lands Of The Delta ...
Simeon Mikhailevich Budenny
Budenny, Simeon Mikhailevich ), Russian Soldier, Was Born In Southern Russia, The Son Of A Farmer Of The Cossack Country. He Entered The Russian Army In 1903 And Rose To Be A Non-commissioned Officer. In 1917, After The Revolution, He Was Elected President Of The Divisional Soviet Of The Caucasian ...
Sir Alexander Burnes
Burnes, Sir Alexander (1805-1841), British Trav Eller And Explorer, Was Born At Montrose, Scotland, On May 16, 1805. He Joined The Army Of The East India Company At 17, And In 1822 Became Interpreter At Surat. Transferred To Cutch In 1826 As Assistant To The Political Agent, He Turned His ...
Sir Benjamin Chapman Browne
Browne, Sir Benjamin Chapman British Engineer, Was Born At Stout's Hill, Glos., On Aug. 26, And Was Apprenticed To The Elswick Works Near Newcastle-on-tyne. He Became An Expert On Harbour Work And Carried Out Harbour Works At Tynemouth, Falmouth And In The Isle Of Wight. In 187o He Took Over ...
Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie
Brodie, Sir Benjamin Collins, 1st Bart. (1783 1862), English Physiologist And Surgeon, Was Born In 1783 At Winterslow, Wiltshire. He Was Assistant Surgeon At St. George's Hospital For Over 3o Years. In 1810 He Was Elected A Fellow Of The Royal Society. Probably His Most Important Work Is Patho Logical ...
Sir Charles Tilston Bright
Bright, Sir Charles Tilston Eng Lish Telegraph Engineer, Who Came Of An Old Yorkshire Family, Was Born On June 8, 1832, At Wanstead, Essex. At The Age Of 15 He Became A Clerk Under The Electric Telegraph Company. In 1852 He Was Appointed Engineer To The Magnetic Telegraph Company, And ...
Sir David Brewster
Brewster, Sir David (1781-1868), Scottish Physicist, And One Of The Founders Of The British Association, Was Born At Jedburgh On Dec. I1, 1781, And Died On Feb. 1o, 1868, At Allerby, Melrose. He Made His Name By A Series Of Investigations On The Diffraction Of Light, The Results Of Which ...
Sir Edward Brampton Or
Brampton Or Brandon, Sir Edward, Anglo-jewish Adventurer Of The 15th Century. Born In Portugal Of Jewish Parentage, He Came To England In Maturity And Was Baptized Under The Auspices Of King Edward Iv., Whose Name He Adopted. From 1468 To 1472, With A Brief Interval, He Was An Inmate Of ...
Sir Edward Burne Burne Jones
Burne-jones, Sir Edward Burne, Bart. (1833 1898), English Painter And Designer, Was Born Aug. 28 1833, At Birmingham. He Was Educated At King Edward's School, Bir Mingham, And Exeter College, Oxford, Where William Morris Was His Contemporary. With Morris He Read Modern Painters And The D'arthur. He Studied The Italian ...
Sir Ernest Alfred Wallis
Budge, Sir Ernest Alfred Wallis (1857 1934), English Archaeologist, Was Born In Cornwall On July 27, 1857 And Educated At Christ's College, Cambridge, Wire He Became Assyrian Scholar And Tyrwhitt Hebrew Scholar. In 1885 He Became Keeper Of The Egyptian And Assyrian Antiquities In The British Museum, And He Conducted ...
Sir Francis Burdett
Burdett, Sir Francis (177o-1844), English Politi Cian, Was Born On Jan. 25, 17 70. He Was In Paris During The Earlier Days Of The French Revolution, A Visit Which Doubtless Influenced His Political Opinions. Returning To England He Mar Ried In 1793 Sophia The Enormously Rich Daughter Of Thomas Coutts ...
Sir Francis Cowley Burnand
Burnand, Sir Francis Cowley English Humorist, Was Born In London. He Was Educated At Eton And Cambridge, And Originally Studied First For The Anglican, Then For The Roman Catholic Church; But Eventually Took To The Law And Was Called To The Bar. He Had Founded The Amateur Dramatic Club At ...
Sir Frederick William Burton
Burton, Sir Frederick William Irish Painter And Art Connoisseur, And For 20 Years Director Of The National Gallery In London. He Was Responsible For A Large Number Of Important Purchases For The Collection, Among Them Leonardo Da Vinci's "virgin Of The Rocks," Raphael's "ansidei Madonna," Holbein's "ambassadors," Van Dyck's Equestrian ...
Sir George Burns
Burns, Sir George, Bart. (1795-1890), British Ship Owner, Was Born In Glasgow On Dec. 10, 1795, The Son Of The Rev. John Burns. In Partnership With A Brother, James, He Began As A Glasgow General Merchant About 1818, And In 1824, In Con Junction With A Liverpool Partner, Hugh Matthie, ...
Sir Isaac Brock
Brock, Sir Isaac (1769-1812), British Soldier And Ad Ministrator, Was Born At St. Peter Port, Guernsey, On Oct. 6, 1769. Joining The Army At The Age Of 15 As An Ensign Of The 8th Regiment, He Became A Lieutenant-colonel In 1797, After Less Than 13 Years' Service. From 1802 To ...
Sir Jahleel Brenton
Brenton, Sir Jahleel British Admiral, Was Born In Rhode Island, U.s.a., On Aug. 22, 1770, The Son Of Rear-admiral Jahleel Brenton (1729-18o2). He Served With Great Zeal In The Peace Before The Beginning Of The War In 1793, But See Ing No Chance Of Employment Went To Serve In The ...
Sir James Brooke
Brooke, Sir James (1803-1868), English Soldier, Trav Eller And Rajah Of Sarawak, Was Born At Secrore, Near Benares. He Entered The Service Of The East India Company, And Was Sent Out To India About 1825. On The Outbreak Of The Burmese War He Was Despatched With His Regiment To The ...
Sir James Browne
Browne, Sir James (1839-1896), Anglo-indian Engin Eer And Administrator, Was The Son Of Robert Browne Of Falkirk In Scotland. He Was Educated At The Military College, Addiscombe, And Received A Commission In The Bengal Engineers In 1857. He Served In The Expedition Against The Mahsud Waziris (186o), In The Umbeyla ...
Sir John Bernard Burke
Burke, Sir John Bernard British Genealogist, Was Born In London, Jan. 5, 1814, And Was Educated In London And In France. His Father, John Burke (1787-1848), Was Also A Genealogist, And In 1826 Issued A Genealogical And Her Aldic Dictionary Of The Peerage And Baronetage Of The United Kingdom. This ...
Sir John Brown
Brown, Sir John (1816-1896), English Armour-plate Manufacturer, Was Born At Sheffield On Dec. 6 1816, The Son Of A Slater. He Was Apprenticed To A Sheffield Firm Who Manufactured Files And Table Cutlery. Brown Invented In 1848 The Conical Steel Spring Buffer For Railway Wagons, And In 186o, After Seeing ...
Sir John Burns
Sir John Burns (i829-190i), His Eldest Son, Became Head Of The Cunard Company, And Was Created A Peer, Under The Title Of Baron Inverclyde, In 1897; He Was The First To Suggest To The Government The Use Of Merchant Vessels For War Purposes. ...
Sir John Fox Burgoyne
Burgoyne, Sir John Fox, Bart. (1782-1871), Brit Ish Field-marshal, Was An Illegitimate Son Of General John Bur Goyne (q.v.). He Was Educated At Eton And Woolwich, Obtained His Commission In 1798, And Served In 1800 In The Mediterranean. He Took Part In The Egyptian Expedition Of 1807, And Was With ...
Sir John Henry Brand
Brand, Sir John Henry (1823-1888), President Of The Orange Free State, Was The Son Of Sir Christoffel Brand, Speaker Of The House Of Assembly Of Cape Colony. He Was Born At Cape Town On Dec. 6, 1823, And Was Educated At The South African College In That City. Continuing His ...
Sir John Scott Burdon Sanderson
Burdon-sanderson, Sir John Scott, Bart. (1828-1905), Regius Professor Of Medicine At Oxford, Was Born At West Jesmond, Near Newcastle, On Dec. 21, 1828. Educated At The University Of Edinburgh And At Paris, He Became In 186o Medical Inspector Under The Privy Council, In Which Capacity He Carried Out Important Inquiries ...
Sir Marc Isambard Brunel
Brunel, Sir Marc Isambard In Ventor And Engineer, Was Born At Hacqueville, Normandy, On April 25, 17 69. He Served For Six Years In The Navy. When His Ship Was Paid Off In 1792 And He Returned To France, He Found The Revolution At Its Height, And Owing To His ...
Sir Oswald Walters Brierly
Brierly, Sir Oswald Walters English Marine Painter, Was Born At Chester. He Exhibited Some Drawings Of Ships At The Royal Academy In 1839. In 1841 He Started Round The World With Benjamin Boyd (1796-1851), In The Latter's Ship "wanderer," And Made His Home At Auckland For Ten Years. Brierly Point ...
Sir Philip Bowes Vere
Broke, Sir Philip Bowes Vere, Bart. (1776 1841) Was Born At Broke Hall, Near Ipswich, England, Entered The Navy In 1792, And Rose Rapidly In The Service. In 1813 He Was In Command Of The "shannon," Which Was Then Cruising Off Bos Ton, Watching The "chesapeake," An American Frigate Of ...
Sir Redvers Henry Buller
Buller, Sir Redvers Henry British General, Was Born On Dec. 7, 1839, At Downes, Crediton, Devon, Of A Family Settled In Cornwall For Three Centuries. He Was Edu Cated At Eton, Entered The Army In 1858, And Served With The Both (king's Royal Rifles) In The China Campaign Of 1860. ...
Sir Reginald Bray
Bray, Sir Reginald (d. 1503), British Statesman And Architect, Was The Second Son Of Sir Richard Bray, One Of The Privy Council Of Henry Vi. Reginald Was Born In The Parish Of St. John Bedwardine, Near Worcester, And Was Receiver-general And Steward Of The Household To Sir Henry Stafford, Second ...
Sir Richard Bulstrode
Bulstrode, Sir Richard English Author And Soldier, Is Chiefly Known By His Memoirs And Reflec Tions Upon The Reign And Government Of King Charles I. And King Charles Ii., Published In '721 After His Death. He Also Wrote Life Of James Ii. And Original Letters Written To The Earl Of ...
Sir Richard Burbidge
Burbidge, Sir Richard (1847-1917), British Mer Chant, Was Born In Wiltshire March 2, 1847. At The Age Of 13 He Was Apprenticed To A Provision Merchant In Oxford Street, London, And At 19 Started In Business Of His Own. Fourteen Years Later He Became General Superintendent Of The Army And ...
Sir Richard Francis Burton
Burton, Sir Richard Francis (1821-9o), British Consul, Explorer And Orientalist, Was Born At Torquay, March 59, 1821, And Baptized At Elstree, Herts. He Came Of The Westmor Land Burtons Of Shap, But His Grandfather, The Rev. Edward Burton, Settled In Ireland As Rector Of Tuam, And His Father, Lieut.-col. Joseph ...
Sir Samuel Egerton Brydges
Brydges, Sir Samuel Egerton English Genealogist And Miscellaneous Writer, Was Born On Nov. 3o, 1762. In 1789 He Persuaded His Elder Brother That Their Family Were The Heirs To The Barony Of Chandos, Being Descended From A Younger Branch Of The Brydges Who First Held The Title. The Case Was ...
Sir Thomas Brock
Brock, Sir Thomas (1847-1922), English Sculptor, Was The Chief Pupil Of Foley, And Later Became Influenced By The New Romantic Movement. His Group "the Moment Of Peril" Was Followed By "the Genius Of Poetry," "eve," And Other Ideal Works That Mark His Development. His Busts, Such As Those Of Lord ...
Sir Thomas Bromley
Bromley, Sir Thomas (153o-1587), English Judge Born In Staffordshire In 1530, Was Educated At Oxford And Called To The Bar At The Middle Temple. Through Family Influence And The Patronage Of The Lord Keeper, Bacon, He Made Way In His Pro Fession, Becoming Recorder Of London In 1566, And Solicitor-gen ...
Sir Thomas Browne
Browne, Sir Thomas (1605-82), English Author And Physician, Was Born In London. He Was Admitted As A Scholar Of Winchester College In 1616, And Matriculated At Broadgates Hall (pembroke College), Oxford, In 1623, Where He Graduated B.a. In Jan. 1626. He Took The Further Degree Of M.a. In 1629, Studied ...
Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton
Buxton, Sir Thomas Fowell Eng Lish Philanthropist, Was Born At Earl's Colne, Essex, On April 1, 1786, And Was Educated At Trinity College, Dublin. In 1807 He Married Hannah Gurney, Sister Of Elizabeth Fry. He Entered In 1808 The Brewery Of Truman, Hanbury & Company, Of Which His Uncles, The ...
Sir Thomas Lauder Brunton
Brunton, Sir Thomas Lauder Scottish Physician, Was Born At Hiltonshill, Roxburghshire, On March 14, 1844. He Was Educated At Edinburgh University, And After Three Years Of Medical Work In Continental Cities, Was Appointed In 187o As Lecturer In Materia Medica And Pharmacology At Middlesex Hospital, London. In 1871 He Went ...
Sir Thomas Makdougall Brisbane
Brisbane, Sir Thomas Makdougall 186o), Scottish Soldier And Astronomer, Was Born On July 23 At Brisbane House, Near Largs, In Ayrshire. He Entered The Army In 1789, And Served In Flanders, The West Indies And The Peninsula. In 1814 He Was Sent To North America; On The Return Of Napoleon ...
Sir William Brown
Brown, Sir William, Bart. (1784-1864), British Merchant And Banker, Founder Of The Banking-house Of Brown, Shipley & Co., Was Born At Ballymena, Ireland, On May 30, 1784, The Son Of An Irish Linen-merchant. At The Age Of Sixteen He Accom Panied His Father And Brothers To Baltimore, Maryland, U.s.a., But ...
Sir William Francis Butler
Butler, Sir William Francis Brit Ish Soldier, Entered The Army As An Ensign In 1858, Becoming Cap Tain In 1872 And Major In 1874. He Took Part With Distinction In The Red River Expedition (187o-71) And The Ashanti Operations Of Under Wolseley, And Received The C.b. In 1874. He Served ...
Sophia Bryant
Bryant, Sophia (1850-1922), English Educationalist, Daughter Of The Rev. W. A. Willock, Was Born In Dublin, Feb. 15, 185o, And Was Educated At Bedford College, London. She Was From 1875 To 1895 Form Mistress At The North London Collegiate School For Girls. In 1881 She Graduated B.sc. With Honours In ...
Sophus Bulge
Bulge, Sophus (1833-1907), Norwegian Philologist, The Author Of The First Critical Edition Of The Edda, Was Born At Laurvik, Norway, Educated At Christiania, Copenhagen And Berlin, And In 1866 Became Professor Of Comparative Philology And Old Norse At Christiania University. He Was A Pioneer In The Collec Tion And Study ...
Spectre Of The Brocken
Brocken, Spectre Of The (so Named From Having Been First Observed In 1780 On The Brocken), An Enormously Magnified Shadow Of An Observer Cast Upon A Bank Of Cloud In High Mountain Regions When The Sun Is Low. The Shadow, Often Accompanied By Coloured Bands, Reproduces Every Motion Of The ...
Stanley Melbourne Bruce
Bruce, Stanley Melbourne ), Aus Tralian Statesman, Was Born In Melbourne On April 1883, And Was Educated At Melbourne Grammar School, And Trinity Hall, Cambridge. He Was Called To The Bar By The Middle Temple In 1907, But Shortly Afterwards He Inherited A Partnership In The Mel Bourne Firm Of ...
Stanley Owen Buckmaster
Buckmaster, Stanley Owen, Isr Viscount English Lawyer, Educated At Christ Church, Oxford. He Was Called To The Bar At The Inner Temple In 1884 And Took Silk In 1902. In 1906 He Successfully Contested Cambridge In The Liberal Interest. Defeated At The General Election Of 1910, He Re-entered The House ...
Stephen Burian Von Rajecz
Burian Von Rajecz, Stephen, Count (1851 Austro-hungarian Statesman, Was Born At Stampfen, Near Presburg (bratislava), Jan. 16 1851, Of A Hungarian Noble Family. He Entered The Diplomatic Service, Spending Many Years In Moscow And In Sofia. From 1903 To 1912 He Was Finance Minister And As Such Administered The Provinces ...
Stopford Augustus Brooke
Brooke, Stopford Augustus Eng Lish Divine And Man Of Letters, Born At Letterkenny, Donegal, Ireland, Was Educated At Trinity College, Dublin. He Was Ordained In The Church Of England In 1857, And Held Various Charges In London. From 1863 To 1865 He Was Chaplain To The Empress Frederick In Berlin, ...
Suer
Suer, A Mining And Engineering Town In The South-west Of The District Of Munster In The Prussian Province Of Westphalia. Pop. 99,307. It Has Grown Very Rapidly. Its Position On The Watershed Between The Emscher And The Lippe And Its Fine Woodlands Give It Special Advantages Which Are Enhanced By ...
Surgery Of Brain
Brain, Surgery Of. It Is Common Knowledge That Surgery As A Whole Was "released" By The Discoveries Of Pasteur And Lister, So That The Remarkable Technical Achievements Of The Surgeon To-day Are The Result Of No More Than Fifty Years' Col Lective Experience. Attention Was At First Focussed Chiefly On ...
Thaddeus Brzozowski
Brzozowski, Thaddeus (d. 182o), Nineteenth Gen Eral Of The Jesuits, Was Appointed In Succession To Gabriel Gruber On Sept. 2, 18o5. In 18o1 Pius Vii. Had Given The Jesuits Liberty To Reconstitute Themselves In North Russia (see Jesuits : History), And In 1812 Brzozowski Secured The Recognition Of The Jesuit ...
The Brazilian Empire
The Brazilian Empire The First Years Of Brazilian Independence Were Difficult. The Nation Was Without Experience In Self-government And The Em Peror, Though Able And Patriotic, Was Inclined To Be Despotic And Arbitrary. When The Constituent Assembly, On Which The Nation Had Pinned Such High Hopes, Proved Unmanageable Dom Pedro ...
The Break With Fox
The Break With Fox Burke's View Of French Affairs, However Consistent With All His Former Political Conceptions, Put An End To More Than One Of His Old Political Friendships. He Had Never Been Popular In The House Of Commons, And The Vehemence, Sometimes Amounting To Fury, Which He Had Shown ...
The British Budget
The British Budget Preparation.—it Is A Peculiar Feature Of British Finance That No Proposal Which Involves Expenditure Can Be Carried Out Without The Approval Of The Treasury. During The Financial Year Depart Ments Approach The Treasury With Requests To Sanction Additional Expenditure, Either Forthwith Or From Some Future Date. The ...
The British National Opera
British National Opera Co., The, Came Into Existence In 1922 When It Was Formed On So-called "common Wealth," Or Profit Sharing, Lines By Some Of The Leading Artists Who Had Found Their Occupation Gone On The Cessation Of Sir Thomas Beecham's Managerial Activities, A Company Of Notable Strength And Efficiency ...
The British South Africa
British South Africa Company, The. This Company Owes Its Existence Mainly To The Creative Genius Of The Late Mr. Cecil Rhodes, Who In The Early 'eighties Of The Last Century Saw That, Unless Great Britain Bestirred Herself, Large Tracts Of Valuable Country Ruled By Savage Native Chiefs In The Interior ...
The Bronx
Bronx, The, A Borough Of New York City (q.v.) Since 1898; Formerly A District Comprising Several Towns In West Chester County. Area, 42 Square Miles, Population (193o) 1,265,258. ...
The Brooklyn Institute Of
Brooklyn Institute Of Arts And Sci Ences, The, Was Founded In 1823 And Incorporated In 1824 As The Brooklyn Apprentices' Library Association. It Changed Its Name In 1843, Under An Amended Charter, To Brooklyn Institute, Was Reorganized In 1887-88, And A New Corporation Established In 1890 Under The Present Name. ...
The Building Industry
The Building Industry In Spite Of The Fact That, Until Comparatively Recent Times, The Various Building Trades Were Only Very Loosely Bound Together, The Relations Between Them Being Relatively Casual And More A Matter Of Tradition Than Of Definite Organization, It Has Never Been A Very Difficult Matter To Assess ...
The Great Elector
The Great Elector When Frederick William, The "great Elector," Became Ruler Of Brandenburg In 1640 He Found The Country In A Very Deplorable Condition. His First Task Was To Restore Order And In This He Was Eminently Successful. He Freed Brandenburg Of The Swedes, And In 1647 Secured His Title ...
The Hohenzollerns
The Hohenzollerns Such Was The Condition And Extent Of Brandenburg In 1411 When Frederick Of Hohenzollern Became Margrave. Entering The Electorate With A Strong Force In June 1412, It Was Not Until 1417 That His Authority Over It Was Undisputed. His Claim To Suzerainty Over Pomerania Provoked An Invasion Of ...
The Impeachment Of Hastings
The Impeachment Of Hastings The Six Years That Followed The Great Rout Of The Orthodox Whigs Were Years Of Repose For The Country, But It Was Now That Burke Engaged In The Most Laborious And Formidable Enterprise Of His Life, The Impeachment Of Warren Hastings For High Crimes And Misdemeanours ...
The Independence Of Brazil
The Independence Of Brazil Despite Its Isolation Brazil Could Not Escape The Effects Of The Revolutionary And Napoleonic Epoch In Europe. Brazil Is The Only Instance Of A Colony Becoming The Seat Of Government Of Its Own Mother Country. When In 1807 Napoleon Resolved Upon The In Vasion And Conquest ...
The Laws Of Brownian
The Laws Of Brownian Movement Displacement In A Given Time.—it Is Owing To Brownian Movement That An Equilibrium Distribution Is Established In An Emulsion, The More Vigorous The Movement The More Rapid Being The Establishment Of Equilibrium. Variations In Brownian Activity, However, Do Not Affect The Final Distribution, Which Is ...
The Ottawa Agreements
The Ottawa Agreements Following The Adoption By Great Britain Of A General Tariff Upon Foreign Goods In 1932, Trade Agreements Were Concluded At The Imperial Economic Conference At Ottawa In 1932 Between Great Britain And All The Dominions Except The Irish Free State And Between Great Britain And India And ...
The Process Of Broadcasting
The Process Of Broadcasting The Actual Process Of Broadcasting, Though Complicated In Detail By The Variety Of The Items Broadcast And By Their Volume (which Amounts For Instance To About 74,00o Transmission Hours Annually For The British Broadcasting System), Is Simple Enough In Outline. Most Of The Performances Take Place ...
Theodorus Dirk De Bry
Bry, Theodorus (dirk) De (152s-1598), Engraver And Publisher, Born In Liege In 1528 And Died At Frank Fort-on-main, March 27, 1598. He Established An Engraving And Publishing Business At Frankfort, And Also Visited London In Or Before 1587. Here He Became Acquainted With The Geographer, Richard Hakluyt, With Whose Assistance ...
Theodosia Burr
Burr, Theodosia (1783-1813), Brilliant And Accom Plished Daughter Of Aaron Burr, Was After Mrs. Burr's Death The Mistress Of The Burr Mansion, And, Although Very Young, Filled That Station With Grace And Dignity. In 1801 She Married Joseph Allston, Wealthy Planter And Later Governor Of South Carolina. She Was Largely ...
Thomas Brassey
Brassey, Thomas (1805-187o), English Railway Con Tractor, Was Born At Buerton, Near Chester, On Nov. 7, 1805. At The Age Of 16 He Was Apprenticed To A Surveyor, And On The Corn Pletion Of His Term Became A Partner Of His Master, Eventually Assuming The Sole Management Of The Business. ...
Thomas Bray
Bray, Thomas (1656-1730), English Divine, Was Born At Marton, Shropshire, In 1656, And Educated At All Souls College, Oxford. Henry Compton, Bishop Of London, Sent Him In 1696 To Organize The Anglican Church In Maryland, And He Was In That Colony In I699-17oo. He Interested Himself In Missions Among The ...
Thomas Brown
Brown, Thomas (1663-1704), English Satirist, Of "facetious Memory" As Addison Designates Him, Was Born At Shifnal, In Shropshire, And Was Entered, In 1678, At Christ Church, Oxford, Where He Is Said To Have Escaped Expulsion By The Famous Lines Beginning, "i Do Not Love Thee, Dr. Fell." He Was For ...
Thomas Brown_2
Brown, Thomas Scottish Philosopher, Was Born At Kirkmabreck And Educated In London And Afterwards At Edinburgh University, Where He Attended Dugald Stewart's Moral Philosophy Class. Later He Turned To Law, But In 1798 He Settled On A Medical Course And In The Same Year Produced His Criti Cism Of Darwin's ...
Thomas Burgers
Burgers, Thomas Francois Presi Dent Of The Transvaal Republic, Was Born In Cape Colony On April 15, 1834, And Was Educated At Utrecht, Holland, Where He Gradu Ated Doctor In Theology. On His Return To South Africa He Was Ordained Minister Of The Dutch Reformed Church, And Stationed At Hanover ...
Thomas Burnet
Burnet, Thomas (1635-1715), English Divine, Was Born At Croft In Yorkshire About The Year 1635. He Was Edu Cated At Northallerton, And At Clare Hall, Cambridge, And Became Master Of The Charterhouse In 1685. As Master He Made A Noble Stand Against The Illegal Attempts To Admit Andrew Popham As ...
Thomas Edward Brown
Brown, Thomas Edward (183o-1897), British Poet, Scholar And Divine, Was Born On May 5, 1830, At Douglas, Isle Of Man. His Father, The Rev. Robert Brown, Held The Living Of St. Matthew's-a Homely Church In A Poor District. His Mother Came Of Scottish Parentage, Though Born In The Island. Thomas, ...
Thomas Robert Bugeaud De
Bugeaud De La Piconnerie, Thomas Robert, Duke Of Isly Marshal Of France, Was Born At Limoges On Oct. 15, 1784. He Came Of A Noble Family Of Perigord, And Was The Youngest Of His Parents' 13 Children. Harsh Treatment Led To His Flight From Home, And For Some Years About ...
Treaties Of Brest Litovsk
Brest-litovsk, Treaties Of. Two Treaties Were Signed At Brest-litovsk Early In 1918: On Feb. 9 Between The Central Powers And The Ukrainian Republic, And On March 3 Be Tween The Central Powers And The Soviet Government Of Russia. On Nov. 20, 1917, Following On A Resolution Passed By The Con ...
Tumours
Tumours). For Our Immediate Purpose The Important Fact Is That The Majority Are Gliomas, Arising From The Supporting Stroma Of The Cerebral Tissue And Possessing No Capsule. This Means That They Cannot Be Enucleated Without Leaving Tumour Cells Behind. Nor Can A Block-resection Of Sound Tissue With The Tumour En ...
Types Of Bridge
Types Of Bridge All Bridges Belong To Two Main Groups, Fixed Or Opening, And Can Be Divided Into The Following Types : Fixed Opening Independent Span Swing Continuous Span Bascule Arch Rolling Cantilever Vertical Lif T Suspension Transporter There Are Also Bridges Supported Upon Floating Pontoons Instead Of Upon Solid ...
U S A Building
Building And Loan Associations, U. S. A. The Oxford Provident Building Association Was Organized In Philadelphia In 1831 For The Purpose Of Enabling Its Members To Become Home Owners. Membership Was Limited To Those Interested In Home Ownership. Trustees Served Without Compensation. Through A System Of Fees, Fines, And Forfeitures, ...