CARLYLE, ALEXANDER Scottish divine, was born on Jan. 26, 1722, at Commertrees Manse, Dumfries shire, and passed his youth and early manhood at Prestonpans, where he witnessed the battle of 1745. He was educated at Edinburgh (M.A. 1743), Glasgow, and Leyden. From 1748 until his death, on Aug. 28, 1805, he was minister at Inveresk in Mid lothian and became the leader of the moderate or "broad" Church section in the Scottish church. His personal appearance earned him the name of "Jupiter Carlyle," and Sir Walter Scott called him "the greatest demigod I ever saw." See his Autobiography (published 186o; new ed., 191o).