CALMET, ANTOINE AUGUSTIN French Benedictine, was born at Mesnil-la-Horgne, on Feb. 26, 1672. He joined the Benedictines in 1688, and in 1698 was appointed to teach theology and philosophy at the abbey of Moyen-Moutier. He was successively prior at Lay, abbot at Nancy and of Senones in Lorraine. He died in Paris on Oct. 25, 1757. The erudition of Calmet's exegetical writings won him a universal reputation but they have failed to stand the test of modern scholarship. The most noteworthy are :—Commentaire de la Bible (1707-16), and Dictionnaire historique, geographique, cri tique, chronologique et litteral de la Bible (172o). His numerous other works and editions of the Bible are known only to students, but as a pioneer in exegesis, Calmet is noteworthy. As a historical writer he is best known by his Histoire ecclesiastique et civile de la Lorraine (Nancy, 1728), founded on original research, and by various useful works on Lorraine, of which a full list is given in Vigouroux's Dictionnaire de la Bible.