CAESALPINUS (CEsALPIN0), ANDREAS Italian botanist and physician, was born in Arezzo in Tuscany in 1519. He studied anatomy and medicine at the University of Pisa, where he took his doctor's degree in 1551, and in 1555 be came professor of materia medica and director of the botanical garden. Appointed physician to Pope Clement VIII., he removed in 1S92 to Rome where he died on Feb. 23, 1603. Caesalpinus was the most distinguished botanist of his time. His work, De Plantis libri xvi. (Florence, 1583), was the source from which various subsequent writers, and especially Robert Morison (162o-83) derived their ideas of botanical arrangement. Linnaeus himself gratefully avowed his obligations to Caesalpinus. Caesalpinus was also distinguished as a physiologist, and it has been claimed that he had a clear idea of the circulation of the blood. His other works include Daemonum investigatio peripatetica (158o), Quaestionum medicarum libri ii. , De Metallicis (1596), and Quaes tionum peripateticarum libri v. (1571).
See V. Viviani, Vida ed Opere di Andrea Cesalpino (Arezzo, 1922).