CALAMBA or KALAMBA, a municipality (with adminis tration centre and 36 barrios or districts) of the province of Laguna, Luzon, Philippine Islands, about 37 m. from Manila; a port on the south shore of Laguna de Bay, and a junction for railways from Tayabas, Batangas and Pagsanjan. It is a centre of the sugar industry. Pop. (1918) 18,062, of whom 52 were whites. Wooden slippers are manufactured here. In 1918, it had 15 manufacturing establishments with output valued at 101,700 pesos; 4 rice-mills, with output valued at 196,200 pesos; and 46 household industry establishments, with output valued at 24,000 pesos. There were 13 schools, four being public. The Chinese revolt of 1639 began here and here was born the Filipino scholar, patriot and martyr, Jose Rizal. The language is Tagalog. CALAMINE. The name calamine (Ger. Galmei) from lapis calaminaris of Pliny, is a corruption of cadmia (Ka8µta), the old name for zinc ores in general, and was formerly used indiscrimi nately for the carbonate (see SMITHSONITE) and the hydrous sili cate (see HEMIMORPHITE) of zinc; even now both species are in cluded by miners under the same term. The two minerals often closely resemble each other in appearance, and can usually only be distinguished by chemical tests ; they were first so distinguished by James Smithson in 1803. F. S. Beudant in 1832 restricted the name calamine to the hydrous silicate and proposed the name smithsonite for the carbonate, and these meanings of the terms are now adopted by Dana and many other mineralogists. Unfortu nately, however, in England (following Brooke and Miller, 1852) these designations have been reversed, calamine being used for the carbonate and smithsonite for the silicate.