CALCEOLARIA, in botany, a genus belonging to the family Scrophulariaceae, containing about 25o species of herbaceous or shrubby plants, chiefly natives of the South American Andes of Peru and Chile, and sometimes called slipperworts. The calceolaria of the present day has been developed into a decorative herbaceous plant. It is generally raised annually from the seed, which is sown about the end of June in a mixture of loam, leaf-mould and sand. In all stages of growth the plants are subject to the attacks of the green-fly. The so-called shrubby calceolarias used for bedding are propagated from cuttings planted in autumn in cold frames.