CALINGA, one of the nine kingdoms of southern India in ancient times. Its exact limits varied, but included the eastern Madras coast from Pulicat to Chicacole, running inland from the bay of Bengal to the Eastern Ghats. The name at one time had a wider and vaguer meaning, comprehending Orissa, and possibly extending to the Ganges valley. Rajahmundry, Coringa, Singa pur, Calingapatam and Chicacole, have all been the chief cities of Calinga at different periods ; but the capital of Calinga under the Ganga dynasty was probably at Mukhalingam in the Gan j am district.