CALOVIUS (1612-1686) (the latinized name of Abraham Calan), German Lutheran divine, was born at Mohrungen, East Prussia, on April 16, 1612. After studying at Konigsberg, in 165o he was appointed professor of theology at Wittenberg, where he afterwards became general superintendent and primarius. He died there on Feb. 25, 1686. Calovius was the powerful champion of Lutheran orthodoxy in the 17th century. He opposed Catho lics, Calvinists, and Socinians, attacked in particular the recon ciliation policy or "syncretism" of Georg Calixtus. His chief dogmatic work, Systema locorum theologicorum (1655-77), rep resents the climax of Lutheran scholasticism. His Biblia Illustrata was written to refute the statements made by Hugo Grotius in his Commentaries. His Historia Syncretistica (1682) was sup pressed.