CAMULODUNUM, a British and Roman town, the modern Colchester (q.v.). It was the capital of the British chief Cunobelin and is named on his coins; after his death and the Roman conquest of south Britain, the Romans established (about A.D. 48) a colonic or municipality peopled with discharged legionaries, and intended to serve both as an informal garrison and as a centre of Roman civilization. It was stormed and burnt A.D. 61 in the rising of Boadicea (q.v.), but soon recovered and became one of the chief towns in Roman Britain. The town is named after Camulos, the Celtic Mars.