CARUS, CARL GUSTAV (1789-1869), German phys iologist and psychologist, distinguished also as an art critic and a landscape painter, was born in Leipzig on Jan. 3, 178g, and in 1811 became a Privatdocent in the university there. On the sub ject which he selected (comparative anatomy) no lectures had previously been given at Leipzig. In 1814 he became professor to the new medical college at Dresden, where he spent the re mainder of his life. He died on July 28, 1869. In philosophy Carus belonged to the school of Schelling, and his works are thoroughly impregnated with the spirit of that system. He re garded inherited tendency as a proof that the cell has a certain psychic life, and pointed out that individual differences are less marked in the lower than in the higher organisms. Among his works may be mentioned : Grundziige der vergleichenden Ana tomie and Physiologie (Dresden, 1828) ; Psyche: zur Entwicke lungsgeschichte der Seele (3rd ed. Stuttgart, 1860) ; Physis, zur Geschichte des leiblichen Lebens (Stuttgart, 1851).
See his autobiography, Lebenserinnerungen and Denkwiirdigkeiten (1865-66) ; C. Bernouilli, Die Psychologie von C. G. Carus (1925).