CALLWELL, CHARLES EDWARD only son of Henry Callwell, of Lismoyne, Antrim, was born in London on April 2, 1859, and educated at Haileybury. He entered the Royal Military Academy in 1876. He saw active service in India, in the Transvaal 1881, and in the South African War. He had resigned from the intelligence department of the war office, where he was D.A.Q.N.G. in that branch, in 1909, but returned to the service in 1914, held the post of Director of Military Operations at the War Office during the Great War and was largely responsible for the plans of the Dardanelles campaign, although opposed to it in principle. From 1915 onwards he was employed first in Russia and then on munitions work, and in 1917 was promoted major general and created K.C.B. He was an acknowledged authority on small overseas campaigns, and his chief contribution to litera ture is his Small Wars (1897), which has remained a standard work. His other works include : Tactics of To-day (1897), Mili tary Operations and Maritime Preponderance (1897), The Tac tics of Home Defence (189 7) and The Dardanelles (1920) .