CAMMAERTS, EMILE (1878– ), Belgian poet, was born at Brussels on March 16, 1878. In 1908 he settled in Eng land. His earlier works include four volumes of translations of Ruskin into French, and Les Bellini (later ed. 1927), an essay in criticism ; he has also written two plays, Les Deux Bossus (1917) , and La V eillee de Noel (1917) . He attained his widest popularity by poems written during the World War, includ ing Chants patriotiques et autres poemes (1915, trans. as Belgian Poems, 1915) ; Les Trois Rois et autres poemes (1916, trans. as New Belgian Poems, 1916) ; and Messines et autres poemes (Eng. trans. 1918) . He also wrote A Ma Patrie enchainee (1918, trans. as Through the Iron Bars, 1918), an account of the sufferings of Belgium during the World War, and in 1922 a further collection of poems Poemes intimes (Brussels, 1922). He married the daughter of the singer Marie Brema, Tita Brand, who was responsible for the translations of his poems mentioned above.