CANROBERT, FRANCOIS CERTAIN marshal of France, was born at St. Cere, Lot, on June 27, 1809, and educated at St. Cyr He received a commission as sub lieutenant in 1828, and in 1835 went to Algeria, serving with distinction in various campaigns against the Arabs. In 1839 he was employed in organizing a battalion of the Foreign Legion for the Carlist Wars. In 1841 he was again serving in Africa, and later commanded the 3rd regiment, afterwards transferring to the Zouaves. For his campaigns against the Arabs and Kabyles he was promoted in 1849 to the rank of general of brigade and re ceived the commandership of the Legion of Honour. Summoned to Paris in 185o he was made aide-de-camp to Louis Napoleon, and took part in the coup d'etat of Dec. 2, 1851. In the Crimean War he commanded a division at the Alma, where he was twice wounded. He held a dormant commission entitling him to com mand in case of St. Arnaud's death, and he thus succeeded to the chief command of the French army a few days after the battle. Disagreements with the English commander-in-chief and, in gen eral, the disappointments due to the prolongation of the siege of Sevastopol led to his resignation of the command, but he did not return to France, preferring to serve as chief of his old division almost up to the fall of Sevastopol. After his return to France he was sent on diplomatic missions to Denmark and Sweden, and made a marshal and senator of France, receiving the grand cross Legion of Honour and honorary G.C.B. He commanded the III. Army Corps in Lombardy in 1859, distinguishing himself at Ma genta and Solferino. In the Franco-German War he commanded the VI. Army Corps, which won the greatest distinction in the battle of Gravelotte, where Canrobert commanded on the St. Privat position. The VI. Corps was amongst those shut up in Metz and included in the surrender of that fortress. After the war Can robert was appointed a member of the superior council of war, and was also active in political life, being elected senator for Lot in 1876 and for Charente in 1879 and again in 1885. He died in Paris on Jan. 28, See L. Bapst, Le Marechal Canrobert