CASALS, PABLO ), eminent violoncellist, corn poser and conductor, was born at Vendrell, near Barcelona, Dec. 3o, 1876. He received his first musical instruction from his father, an organist, later becoming a pupil of Jose Garcia at the Barcelona conservatoire and then studying at Madrid. He made his first public appearance in Barcelona in 1889 but had to wait some years before he obtained general recognition. Thus it was not till 1898 that he was heard in Paris (Lamoureux concerts) and in London (Crystal palace) ; but thenceforward his fame rapidly extended. His first visit to the United States he paid in 1901. Casals is also a distinguished conductor, whose orchestral concerts in Spain are of the first importance ; a fine pianist, and a composer, his works include symphonies and symphonic poems. He married first Guilhermina Suggia, and subsequently Susan Metcalfe. See Lillian Littlehales, Pablo Casals (193o).