CAVAILLON, a town of south-eastern France in the depart ment of Vaucluse, 2om. S.E. of Avignon. Pop. 7,521. It lies at the southern foot of Mount St. Jacques on the right bank of the Durance above its confluence with the Coulon. To the south of the present town lay the Roman Cabellio, a place of some note in territory of the Cavares. Since mediaeval times the town has for the most part followed the fortunes of the Comtat Venaissin, in which it was included. Till the Revolution it was the see of a bishop, and had a large number of monastic estab lishments. The church of St. Veran is a fine example of 12th cen tury Provençal architecture, with a charming cloister adjoining. The town is the centre of a rich and well-irrigated plain, which produces fruits and early vegetables. Silk-worms are reared, and silk is an important article of trade. The preparation of preserved vegetables and fruits, distilling, and the manufacture of straw hats and leather are carried on.