CHARLES IV. or III. (1604-1675), duke of Lorraine, son of Duke Francis II., was born at Nancy on April 5, 1604. He be came duke on the abdication of his father, and obtained the duchy of Bar through his marriage with his cousin Nicole, daughter of Duke Henry II. Mixing in the tortuous politics of his time, he was perpetually intriguing against the crown of France. In 1627 he began negotiations with England against Louis XIII., at the same time giving assistance to Austria against the Swedes. In 1632 Louis XIII. entered his duchy and compelled him to sign the treaty of Liverdun (June 26th) and in the following year a fresh intrigue was punished by the cession of Nancy to France for four years. On Jan. 19, 1634, the duke abdicated in favour of his brother, the cardinal, Francis of Lorraine, and entered the imperial service. He was banished from the kingdom, and the duchy of Bar was confiscated. Charles took part in the battle of Nord lingen in 1634, and fought in Lorraine, Alsace and Artois; on March 29, 1641, by the treaty of Saint-Germain his duchies were restored to him in return for the cession of certain towns to France, but they were seized again, and declared neutral in June, 1644. After this Charles served with the imperialists, and later with Spain. In 1652 he joined Conde in the war of the Fronde, but was arrested by the Spaniards, with whom he had broken faith, and imprisoned at Antwerp and at Toledo. At the peace of the Pyrenees he was restored to liberty and to his duchies, but by the treaty of Montmartre (Feb. 6, 1662), he sold them to Louis XIV. This arrangement was annulled by the treaty of Nomeny, in August 1663. In Sept. 1670 Charles was again ex pelled from his duchy by Marshal Crequy, and in 1673 he joined the second coalition against France.. Turenne inflicted a severe defeat on him at inzheim in 1674, but on August 11, Charles was victori us at Konzerbriicke. He died some weeks later at Larbach on Sept. 18, 1675, leaving by his second wife, Beatrix de Cusance, a son, Charles Henry, count of Vaudemont See Des Roberts, Campagnes de Charles IV. duc de Lorraine et de Bar, 5638-48 (2 vols., 1883-88) , and Charles IV. et Mazarin (1899) .