CHARLOTTENBURG, a town incorporated in the Greater Berlin scheme of 1912 (which came into full operation in 1920), in the Land of Prussia, on the river Spree; its earlier name was Lietzenburg. The central part of the town is connected with Berlin by an avenue, the Charlottenburger Chaussee. The Schloss, built in 1696 for the electress Sophie Charlotte, queen of the elector Frederick, after whom the town was named, contains a collection of antiquities and paintings. In Charlottenburg is the Physi kalisch-technische Reichsanstalt, a state institution for the carry ing out of scientific experiments and measurements, and for test ing instruments of precision, materials, etc. In addition to the famous royal porcelain manufactory, there are many industries, notably iron-works, grouped along the banks of the Spree.