CHILD WELFARE AND CHILD LABOUR. Syste matic child welfare work, the object of which is to promote the mental, moral and physical well-being of children, is a compara tively modern development and it received little official recognition in any country before the middle of the 19th century. At first, the work was developed on local national lines. Later, under progressive influences, the work became of common interest to different countries and a subject of mutual co-operation. Finally, child welfare has been definitely accepted as a subject of inter national concern and interest, and this aspect has been further emphasized by the inclusion of international child welfare work among the social and humanitarian activities of the League of Nations.