CIUDAD BOLIVAR, an inland city and river port of Vene zuela, capital of the State of Bolivar, on the right bank of the Orinoco river, 24om. above its mouth. Pop. (1926) about 15,000. It stands upon a small hill some 12 5 f t. above sea-level, and faces the river where it narrows to a width of less than half a mile. It is the commercial centre of the great Orinoco basin. The mean temperature is about 83° F. The city has regular steamship com munication with the lower Orinoco, Port of Spain and the Carib bean coast of Venezuela. During the rainy season small steamers run far up the river. The principal exports from this region include cattle, horses, mules, tobacco, cacao, rubber, tonka beans, bitters, hides, timber and many valuable forest products. The town was founded by Mendoza in 1764 as San Tomas de la Nueva Guayana, but its location at this particular point on the river gave to it the popular name of Angostura, the Spanish term for "narrows." This name was used until 1849, when that of the Venezuelan liberator was bestowed upon it. Ciudad Bolivar played an important part in the struggle for independence and was for a time the head quarters of the revolution. The town suffered severely in the fight for its possession, and the political disorders which fol k lowed greatly retarded its growth.