CLEMENT III. (Paolo Scolari), pope from 1187 to 1191, a Roman, and cardinal bishop of Palestrina, was chosen pope on Dec. 19, 1187. In 1189 he made peace with the emperor Frederick I. Barbarossa. He settled a controversy with William of Scotland concerning the choice of the archbishop of St. Andrews, and in March 1188 removed the Scottish Church from the legatine juris diction of the archbishop of York, thus making it independent of all save Rome. He annoyed Henry VI. of Germany by bestowing Sicily on Tancred.
See "Epistolae et Privilegia," in Migne, Patrol. Lat. 204, ff.; Neues Archiv f iir die iiltere deutsche Geschichtskunde, 2, 219 ; 6. 293; 14. 178-182; Jaffe, Regesta Pontificum Romanorum, tom. 2 (1888), 535 ff.; J. Geyer, Papst Klemens III. (Bonn, 1914) .