CLEMENT VI. (Pierre Roger), pope from May 7, 1342, to Dec. 6, 1352, was born at Maumont, Limousin, in 1291, joined the Benedictines as a boy, studied at Paris, and became succes sively prior of St. Baudil, abbot of Fecamp, bishop of Arras, chancellor of France, archbishop of Sens and archbishop of Rouen. He was made cardinal-priest of Sti Nereo ed Achilleo and ad ministrator of the bishopric of Avignon by Benedict XII. in 1338. and four years later succeeded him as pope. Clement continued the struggle of his predecessors with the emperor Louis the Bava rian, excommunicating him in April 1346, and directing the elec tion of Charles of Moravia, who received general recognition after the death of Louis in 1347, and put an end to the schism which had long divided Germany. Clement carried on fruitless negotia tions for Church unity with the Armenians and with the Greek emperor, John Cantacuzenus. He tried to end the Hundred Years' War between England and France, but secured only a temporary truce. He excommunicated Casimir of Poland for marital infidel ity and forced him to do penance. He successfully resisted en croachments on ecclesiastical jurisdiction by the kings of England, Castile and Aragon. He secured full ownership of the county of Avignon through purchase from Queen Joanna of Naples and renunciation of feudal claims by Charles IV: of France, and con siderably enlarged the papal palace in that city. To supply money for his undertakings Clement revived the practice of selling reservations and expectancies, which had been abolished by his predecessor. Oppressive taxation, and unblushing nepotism were Clement's great faults. On the other hand, he was famed for his engaging manners, eloquence and theological learning. He died on Dec. 6, See Baluzius, Vitae Pap. Avenion., vol. i. (Paris, 1693) ; E. Werun sky, Excerpta ex registris Clementis VI. et Innocentii VI. (Innsbruck, 1885) ; F. Cerasoli, Clemente VI. e Giovanni I. di Napoli-Documenti inedite (18g6, etc.) ; J. B. Christophe, Histoire de la papaute pendant le XIV.e siecle, vol. ii. (1853) and J. Gay, Le Pape Clement VI. et Les A ff aires d'Orient (1904)•