CLEMENT X. (Emilio Altieri) was born in Rome on July 13, 159o. Before becoming pope, on April 29, 167o, he had been auditor in Poland, governor of Ancona, and nuncio in Naples. His advanced age induced him to resign the control of affairs to his adopted nephew, Cardinal Paluzzi, who embroiled the papacy in disputes with the resident ambassadors, and incurred the en mity of Louis XIV., thus provoking the long controversy over the regalia (see INNOCENT XI.). Clement died on July 22, 1676.
See Guarnacci, Vitae et res gestae Pontiff. Rom. (Rome, 1751), (contin. of Ciaconius), i. I seq.; Palazzi, Gesta Pontiff. Rom. (Venice, 1687-88), iv. 655 seq.; and Ranke, Popes (Eng. trans. Austin), iii. 172 seq.; Bildt, Christine de Suede et le Conclave de Clem. X. (1906).