COCHABAMBA, a city of Bolivia, capital of the department of the same name and of the province of Cercado, situated on the Rocha, a small tributary of the Guapay river. Pop. (1929) esti mated 34,281, mostly Indians and mestizos. The city stands in a broad valley of the Bolivian plateau, 8,400f t. above sea-level, overshadowed by the snow-clad heights of Tunari, 127m. E.N.E. of Oruro, with which place it is connected by rail. The climate is mild and temperate, and the surrounding country fertile and cul tivated. The city is well supplied with foreign goods, and enjoys a large part of the Amazon trade through some small river ports on tributaries of the Mamore. The city is regularly laid out, and contains many attractive residences surrounded by gardens. It is an episcopal city (since 1847), containing many churches. Cocha bamba was founded in the 16th century, and for a time was called Oropeza. It took an active part in the "war of independ ence," the women distinguishing themselves in an attack on the Spanish camp in 1815, and some of them being put to death in 1818 by the Spanish forces. In 1874 the city was seized and partly destroyed by Miguel Aguirre, but in general its isolated situation has been a protection against the disorders which have convulsed Bolivia since her independence.