CLYDE, COLIN CAMPBELL, BARON Brit ish soldier, was born at Glasgow on Oct. 20, 1792. He received his education at the Glasgow high school, and when only 16 years of age obtained an ensigncy in the 9th Foot. He fought under Sir Arthur Wellesley at Vimiera, took part in the retreat of Sir John Moore, and was present at the battle of Corunna. He shared in all the fighting of the Peninsular campaigns, and was severely wounded while leading a storming-party at the attack on San Se bastian. He was again wounded at the passage of the Bidassoa, and compelled to return to England. Campbell held a command in the American expedition of 1814 ; and after the peace of the following year he devoted himself to studying the theoretical branches of his profession. In 1823 he quelled the negro insurrection in Demerara. In 1832 he became lieutenant-colonel of the 98th Foot, and with that regiment rendered distinguished service in the Chinese War of 1842. Campbell was next employed in the Sikh War of under Lord Gough. At Chillianwalla, where he was wounded, and at the decisive victory of Gujarat, his skill and valour largely con tributed to the success of the British arms. He was made a K.C.B. in 1849, and specially named in the thanks of parliament.
Sir Colin Campbell returned home in 18S3. In the Crimean War he commanded the Highland brigade, which formed part of the duke of Cambridge's division. The brigade and its leader distin guished themselves very greatly at the Alma; and with his "thin red line" of Highlanders he repulsed the Russian attack on Bala klava. At the close of the war Sir Colin was promoted G.C.B.
The outbreak of the Indian Mutiny called for a general of tried experience ; and on July i 1, 18S 7, the command was offered to him by Lord Palmerston. On being asked when he would be ready to set out, the veteran replied, "Within twenty-four hours." He left England the next evening, and reached Calcutta on Aug. 13. He started for the front on Oct. 27 and on Nov. 17 relieved Lucknow for the second time. He continued in charge of operations in Oudh until the end of the mutiny. For these services he was raised to the peerage, in 1858, as Lord Clyde ; and, returning to England in the next year, he received the thanks of both Houses of Parlia ment and a pension of f 2,000 a year. He died on Aug. 14, 1863.
See Sir Owen Tudor Burne, Clyde and Strathnairn ("Rulers of India" series, 1891) ; and L. Shadwell, Life of Colin Campbell, Lord Clyde (1880.