CLAPAREDE, JEAN LOUIS RENE ANTOINE ED OUARD Swiss naturalist, was born at Geneva on April 24, 183 2. He belonged to a French family, some members of which had taken refuge in that city of ter the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. In 1852 he began to study medicine and natural science at Berlin, where he was greatly influenced by J. Muller, who was then working on the Echinoderms. The latter part of his stay at Berlin he devoted, along with J. Lachmann, to the study of the Infusoria and Rhizopods. In 1862 he was chosen professor of comparative anatomy at Geneva. He died at Siena on May 31, 187o. His Recherches sur la structure des annelides sedentaires was published posthumously in