CICOGNARA, LEOPOLDO, COUNT (1767-1834), Italian archaeologist and writer on art, was born at Ferrara. A residence of some years at Rome, devoted to the study of the antiquities and galleries, was followed by visits to Naples and Sicily. He then visited Florence, Milan, Bologna and Venice, acquiring a complete archaeological knowledge of these and other cities. In 1795 he took up his abode at Modena, and was for 12 years engaged in politics, becoming minister plenipotentiary of the Cisalpine Republic at Turin. Napoleon decorated him with the Iron Crown; and in 1808 he was made president of the Academy of the Fine Arts at Venice. In 1808 appeared his treatise Del bello ragionamenti. This was followed (1813-18) by his magnum opus, the Storia della scultura dal suo risorgimento in Italia al secolo di Napoleone. The book was designed to complete the works of Winckelmann and D'Agincourt, and is illustrated with 180 plates in outline. His Fabbriche piis cospicue di Venezia, two superb folios, containing some plates, was published (1815 20) under the auspices of Francis I. of Austria. Charged by the Venetians with the presentation of their gifts to the Empress Caroline at Vienna, Cicognara added to the offering an illustrated catalogue of the objects it comprised; this book, Omaggio delle Provincie Venete alla maesta di Carolina Augusta, has since be come of great value to the bibliophile. In 1821 he published at Pisa a catalogue raisonne, rich in bibliographical lore, of his fine library, the result of 3o years of loving labour, which in 1824 was purchased en bloc by Pope Leo XII., and added to the Vatican library. Cicognara's work in the academy at Venice, of which he became president in 1808, led to the foundation of a gallery for the reception of Venetian pictures.