CONSTANTINE (FLAVIUS CLAUDIUS CONSTANTINUS), usurper in Britain, Gaul and Spain (A.D. 407-410) during the reign of Honorius, was a common soldier, invested with the purple by his comrades in Britain. He at once crossed over to Gaul and soon made himself master of the country as far as the Alps and Pyre nees, and established his capital at Arelate (Arles). Spain was finally annexed by Constans, the Eon of Constantine. After the downfall of Stilicho, Honorius, hard pressed by the barbarians, pardoned Constantine, recognized him as joint ruler, and per mitted him to confer the title of Caesar upon Constans. This gave Constantine his opportunity. With a large army he marched into Italy, avowedly to assist Honorius, in reality with the intention of making himself ruler of the West. But his plans were upset by the revolt of Gerontius. This capable general set up one of his own adherents as emperor, invaded Gaul, and put Constans to death at Vienna (Vienne). He then besieged Constantine himself in Arelate, but the advance of an Italian army forced him to retire. The gen erals of Honorius themselves continued the siege. Constantine, seeing that resistance was useless, surrendered the city on condi tion that his life should be spared. He was, however, executed by order of Honorius.