CRIEFF, police burgh and parish, Perthshire, Scotland, capital of Strathearn, m. W. of Perth by the L.M.S.R. Pop. (1931) 6,058. It occupies the southern slopes of a hill on the left bank of the Earn. Its climate is very healthy, the air being pure and dry, and it has recently become a health resort. Its charter is said to date from 1218, and it was the seat of the courts of the earls of Strathearn till 1747, when heritable jurisdictions were abolished. A Runic sculptured stone, believed to be of the 8th century, and the old town cross stand in High street, but the great cattle fair, for which Crieff was once famous, was removed to Falkirk in 177o. It was probably in connection with this market that the "kind gallows of Crieff" acquired their notoriety, for they were mostly used for the execution of Highland cattle stealers. Among the principal buildings are Morison's academy (founded in 1859), and Strathearn house, a hydropathic establish ment built on an eminence at the back of the town, and itself sheltered by the Knock of Crieff (91 I f t.) . There is a distillery, and preserves are made. Drummond castle, about 3 m. S., is cele brated for its gardens planned by the end earl of Perth (d. 1662). They cover an area of 1 o acres, are laid out in terraces, and illus trate Italian, Dutch and French styles. The keep dates from 149o, but much of the original building was demolished in 1689. The present structure was erected after the Jacobite rebellion.