CROWDER, ENOCH HERBERT American soldier, was born in Missouri on April 11, 1859. He graduated at the U.S. military academy in 1881, and was com missioned in the cavalry. After serving four years in campaigns against the Apache and Sioux In dians, he was detailed as com mandant at the University of Missouri, where he also studied law and received his graduate de gree in law in 1886. From 1891 95 he was acting judge advocate of the military department of the Platte. Upon the outbreak of the Spanish-American War he was appointed judge advocate of the American troops sent to the Phil ippine Islands. While in the Philippines he served as secretary to the military governor and as associate justice of the supreme court of the Philippines for two years (1899-1901) . Returning to the United States in Aug. 1903, he was chief of the 1st Division of the general staff (1903-07). During the Russo Japanese War, he went to Manchuria as American military observer with the Japanese army (1904-05) . From 1906-08, he was in Cuba as secretary of State and justice, in which position he devised the first electoral laws of the island. In July 1910 he was a member of the fourth Pan-American Con ference in Argentina, and in September of the same year visited Chile on a special mission. He became advocate general of the army in February 1911 and in this position made sweeping changes. When the United States entered the World War, he was directed to draft the selective service bill. From May 1917 to July 1919, he was provost marshal, charged with the duties of administering the new act, and in 1919 he was reappointed judge advocate general. Crowder was recognized as an expert in military law. In his book, The Spirit of Selective Service (1920), he describes the method whereby within 18 months after America had entered the World War, 2,000,00o men were in France, almost as many more were in cantonments, and altogether no fewer than 24,000,00o had been registered and classified. He visited Cuba in March, 1919, upon the invitation of the Cuban Government to assist in the revision of the Cuban electoral laws, and on the completion of his work, received the thanks of the Cuban Con gress. He served as personal representative of Presidents Wilson and Harding in Cuba from Dec. 31, 1920, to March 5, 1923, when he became U.S. ambassador to Cuba. On Sept. 1, 1927, he retired from the diplomatic service by resignation, having completed 50 years of public service. He died May 7, 1932.