CREMER, JAKOBUS JAN (1827-188o), Dutch novelist, born at Arnhem, started life as a painter. His first tales (Betuw sche Novellen and Overbetuwsche Novellen), published about 1855—reprinted many times since, and translated into German and French—made his reputation. These short stories of Dutch provincial life are written in the quaint dialect of the Betuwe, the large flat Gelderland island, formed by the Rhine, the name re calling the presumed earliest inhabitants, the Batavi. In his later novels Cremer abandons both the dialect and the slight love stories of the Betuwe. The principal are : Anna Rooze (1867), Dokter Helmond en zijn Vrouw (187o), Hanna de Freule (1873), Daniel Sils, etc. Cremer's Romantische Werke were collected in 1887-88 (Leiden, 12 vols.).