CULLEN, PAUL (1803-1878), cardinal, and archbishop of Dublin, was born at Prospect, County Kildare, on April 29, 1803, and educated at Carlow college and the Urban college of Propa ganda at Rome. On his ordination in 1829, he was appointed to the chairs of Hebrew and Sacred Scriptures in the Schools of the Propaganda and in 1832 became rector of the Irish college in Rome. During the Mazzini revolution of 1848 he was rector of the Urban college, saving the property under the protection of the American flag. In 1849 Cullen was nominated to the primatial see of Armagh; and, on his return to Ireland, presided as papal delegate at the synod of Thurles in Aug. 185o. He took a leading part in the national movement of 1850-5 2, and at first supported the Tenant Rights League. In May 1852 he was translated to Dublin, and soon a divergence of opinion broke out between him and the more ardent Nationalists under Archbishop MacHale. When the Irish university was started, with Newman, appointed by Cullen, at its head, the scheme was wrecked by the personal opposition of the archbishop of Dublin. His distrust of the na tional movement led him to forbid his clergy to take part publicly in politics (Purcell's Life of Manning, ii. 61o) . Cullen, therefore, while an ardent patriot, was consistently an opponent of Fenian ism. He was made cardinal in 1866, being the first Irish cardinal.