CYRIL, SAINT (c. 315-386), bishop of Jerusalem, where probably he was born, was ordained a presbyter in 345. In he was elevated to the see of Jerusalem. His metropolitan, Aca cius of Caesarea, inclined to Arianism, while Cyril espoused the Nicene creed and was, in consequence, deposed, till the acces sion of Theodosius permitted him to return in 379. He attended the second council of Constantinople in 381, where he was wel comed for his defence of orthodoxy. Cyril's ability as a pastor is seen in his one important work—his 23 addresses to catechu mens delivered in A.D. 348. These lectures, said to be the first ex ample of a popular exposition of Christian doctrine, give us in sight into the creed forms and the ceremonies of baptism of the early Church. As regards the Eucharist, Cyril holds the Real Presence and makes the change due to the invocation of the Holy Spirit upon the offerings. He does not explicitly use the Nicene formula of the Trinity.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.-A. A. Touttee (Paris, 172o ; reprinted by Migne, Bibliography.-A. A. Touttee (Paris, 172o ; reprinted by Migne, Patrol, Graeca xxxiii.) ; W. C. Reischl and J. Rupp (Munich, 1848 6o) ; Translation: Catecheses ("Oxford Library of Fathers," vol. ii.). See Herzog-Hauck, Realencyk. (Forster) ; G. Delacroix, St. C. de Jerus., sa vie et ses oeuvres (Paris, 1865) ; J. Maden, Der Hl. Cyrillus, Bischof von Jerusalem (Ensiedelrt, 1901) ; A. Harnack, Hist. of Dogma, v. 3 and 4; Hefele, Conciliengeschichte (Freiburg, 1873).