CZARNIECKI, STEPHEN Polish general, fought in the Prussian campaigns against Gustavus Adolphus (1626-29), and under Wladislaus IV. in the Muscovite campaign of 1633. In the invasion of Poland by Charles X. of Sweden (1655), a national army under Czarniecki ultimately drove out the Swedes, and after the Peace of Oliva (166o) also penetrated into Muscovy, winning victories at Polonka and Lachowicza. He died in 1665 just after he had been appointed Polish commander-in chief.
See Ludwik Jenike, Stephen Czarniecki (Pol.) (Warsaw, 1891) ; Michal Dymit Krajewski, History of Stephen Czarniecki (Pol.) (Cracow, 1859).