DOUGHTY, CHARLES MONTAGU (1843--1926), Brit ish traveller and writer, younger son of the Rev. C. M. Doughty of Theberton Hall, Suffolk, was born on Aug. 19, 1843. He was pre vented by an impediment in speech from entering the navy, and his education was continued at King's college, London, and at Caius and Downing colleges, Cambridge, where he graduated in natural science in 1865. He turned then to independent travel and study, freely adventuring in his chosen fields of geology, archae ology and philology. And he did so in no half-hearted way : in Norway, Oxford, Leyden, Louvain, Italy, Spain, North Africa and Greece he served a long novitiate in wandering and scholarship which led him at last to Syria, Palestine and his adventures in Arabia.
In Nov, 1876 Doughty set out from Damascus with a pilgrim caravan. At Madan Salih he left the Haj, and surveyed the Al Hajar monuments and inscriptions. He then decided to reach ine dependently the oasis of Khaibar, and to this end attached him self to wandering Bedouins. Dependent on their movements, his dangers were now multiplied and his life was repeatedly endan gered by the inevitable suspicion, fanaticism and treachery which on occasion broke through the respect and hospitality which Doughty's courageous personality compelled. He reached Khai bar from Taima in the summer of 1877, was sent back to Hail, thence to Al Qasim, Buraida and `Anaiza. From there, after some months, he travelled southwards towards Mecca and reached safety at Jidda in Aug. 1878. The story of this great journey, which threw many fresh lights on the geology, hydrography and ethnology of Arabia, Doughty told in Travels in Arabia Deserta (1888, abridged edition 1926). Doughty was less concerned to produce a chronicle or work of information than to create, out of his unique experience, an unique monument of what he consid ered pure English prose. To him, this meant the achievement of an Elizabethan directness of utterance and the renunciation of all post-Elizabethan growths in syntax and vocabulary. He succeeded. His profound literary sense had told him aright when it inspired him to treat his remote and lonely adventuring in this bare, ma jestic style.
The later years of Doughty's life, mostly spent in England, were given over to poetry. Essentially, indeed, he was always a poet, in his deep comprehension of the values of words no less than in his power of penetrating into the living past, whether of a country's physical structure or of its people and their life. Four teen years' labour produced his epic, The Dawn in Britain (1906), his other long poems and poetic dramas including The Cliffs (1909), The Clouds (1912), The Titans (1916) and Man-soul (192o, new edition 1923) . Like Arabia Deserta, the poems he wrote reflect his Elizabethan predilections. He died at Sissing hurst, Kent, on Jan. 20, 1926. (J. H. M.) CHARLES HOTHAM MON TAGU (1868-1915), British soldier and consul, was born at Leiston, Suffolk, on July 23, 1868, and was educated at Win chester and Sandhurst, from which he passed into the Royal Welch Fusiliers in 1889. He was on active service in India in the Hazara (1891) and Chitral (1895) campaigns. He also served with great distinction in the Egyptian campaign of 1898, in the Boer War, in the China Field Force 0900, and as special service officer in Somaliland. But the field in which his remarkable force of character was most clearly shown was in the Near East. In Sept. 1906 Doughty-Wylie was appointed military consul at Konieh, in Anatolia, and in 19o9 Cilicia was added to his area. In that year an attempted massacre of the Christian population of Adana was stopped by his courage and quickness, when he col lected a small group of Turkish regulars, and saved the Armenian quarter. The next four years were spent as consul at Addis Ababa, Abyssinia, but the outbreak of war brought him back to England. He was attached to Sir Ian Hamilton's staff for the Gallipoli expedition, and went ashore with the first batch of troops on the "River Clyde." His gallant exploit on V. Beach on April 26, 1915, when he captured Hill 141 in hand-to-hand fight ing, cost him his life. Doughty-Wylie was buried on the spot. See an article, based on personal knowledge, by D. G. Hogarth, in the Dict. Nat. Biog. Supp, 1912-21 (5927).