DUNWICH, a village in the Eye parliamentary division of East Suffolk, England, on the coast, 5 m. S.S.W. of Southwold. Pop. of civil parish (1921) 189. This was in Anglo-Saxon days the most important commercial centre and part of East Anglia. It was probably a Romano-British site. The period of its highest dignity was the Saxon era, when it was called Dommocceaster and Dunwyk. Early in the 7th century, when Sigebert became king of East Anglia, Dunwich was chosen his capital and became the nursery of Christianity in eastern Britain. A bishopric was founded (according to Bede in 63o, while the Anglo-Saxon chroni cle gives 635), the name of the first bishop being Felix. Sigebert's reign was notable for his foundation of a school modelled on those he had seen in France ; it was probably at Dunwich, but formed the nucleus of what afterwards became the university of Cam bridge. By the middle of the i ith century Dunwich had already suffered from an evil which later caused its total ruin, namely the inroads of the sea upon the coast. At the Norman Conquest the manor was granted to Robert Malet. In 1173 the sight of its strength caused Robert earl of Leicester to despair of besieging Dunwich. The town received a charter from King John. In the reign of Edward I. it is recorded to have possessed 36 ships and "barks," trading to the North seas, Iceland and elsewhere, with 24 fishing boats, besides maintaining II ships of war. The Benedic tines, Franciscans and Dominicans all maintained establishments here. Early in the reign of Edward III. the attacks of the sea made fresh headway. In 1347 over 40o houses were destroyed. In 157o, after a terrible storm, appeal was made to Elizabeth. But the old wealthy port was gradually engulfed and inroads of the sea still continue, the ruined tower of the old church having gone over the cliff during the World War. Many relics have been dis covered by excavation, and even from beneath the waves. Until 1832 Dunwich returned two members to parliament. The corpora tion was abolished in 1886.
D UP A N L O U P, FELIX ANTOINE PHILIBERT (1802-1878), French ecclesiastic, was born at St. Felix in Savoy on Jan. 3, 1802, and educated at the seminaries of St. Nicolas de Chardonnet and of St. Sulpice, Paris. In 1825 he was ordained priest, and was appointed vicar of the Madeleine at Paris, being for a time tutor to the Orleans princes. He became the founder of the celebrated academy at St. Hyacinthe, and received a letter from Gregory XVI. eulogizing his work there, and calling him Apostolus juventutis. He became a canon of Notre-Dame in 1845. When made bishop of Orleans in 1849, he pronounced a fervid panegyric on Joan of Arc, which attracted attention in Eng land as well as France. Before this he had been sent by Arch bishop Affre to Rome, and had been appointed Roman prelate and protonotary apostolic. He was a distinguished educationalist who fought for the retention of the Latin classics in the schools and instituted the celebrated catechetical method of St. Sulpice. Among his publications are De l'education (185o), De la haute education intellectuelle (3 vols., 1866), Oeuvres choisies (1861, 4 vols.) ; Histoire de Jesus (1872), a counterblast to Renan's Vie de Jesus. He died on Oct. 11, 1878.
See F. Lagrange, Life (Eng. tr. by Lady Herbert, 1885) and E. Faguet, Mgr. Dupanloup (1914).