DUPPLIN MOOR, scene of the battle of Dupplin, Aug. 9, 1332. This battle is of importance not only as the turning point in the Scottish Wars but as the birthplace of the tactics which gained the English victories later against France in the Hun dred Years War (q.v.). The series of defeats suffered by Ed ward II. in Scotland, and the initial failure of Edward III., had led to the Peace of Northampton. As a consequence, the Scot tish supporters of the Plantagenets were disinherited, but, headed by Edward Baliol and Henry de Beaumont, they organized an expedition to regain their fiefs. Edward III., bound by the treaty, not merely refused help but prohibited them from crossing the border. Not to be baulked, they collected a small force of English archers and men-at-arms, hired ships, and, sailing from Ravenspur, landed at Kinghorn in Fife. Thence they marched on Perth but were met at the river Earn by a large Scottish army under the earl of Mar. Trying to discount their inferiority by the use of surprise, the "disinherited" crossed the river under cover of darkness and made an audacious night onslaught on the rear of the Scottish camp. But this only affected part of the enemy's bivouac, and at day-break the main force moved out in battle order to swamp their puny adversary. The "disinherited" fell back to the slopes of Dupplin muir, and there the knights and men-at-arms dismounted to form a phalanx of spears, while the archers spread out in a dispersed line amid the heather on either flank. Only 4o men-at-arms were kept mounted as a reserve. The Scottish, all dismounted according to their custom, charged direct at the opposing men-at-arms, disregarding the archers. Once spears were locked the charge lost impetus and the archers, clos ing in from either side, poured a hail of arrows into the press, which grew ever denser until the close-locked mass became help less to use their weapons. Held in front and galled on both flanks, those who could, broke away and fled, pursued by the "disinher ited" horse, and those in the centre fell easy victims.
See J. E. Morris, Eng. Historical Review (1897) ; Oman, History of the Art of War in the Middle Ages (1924) • DU PRAT, ANTOINE 5) , chancellor of France and cardinal, was born at Issoire on Jan. 17, 1463. He began life as a lawyer, and rose rapidly in the legal hierarchy owing to the influence of his cousin Antoine Bohier, cardinal archbishop of Bourges. In 1507 he became first president of the parlement of Paris. Louise of Savoy had employed him as her adviser in her affairs, and had made him tutor to her son. When Francis I. ascended the throne he made Du Prat chancellor of France. Dur ing the regency of Louise of Savoy he, together with Florimond Robertet, was at the head of affairs. After the death of his wife in 1507 Du Prat had taken orders; he received the bishoprics of Valence, Die, Meaux and Albi, and the archbishopric of Sens (15 2 5) ; in 1527 he became cardinal, and in 1 S3o papal legate. He was a determined adversary of the Reformation. He died at Nantouillet on July 9, See the marquis Du Prat, Vie d'Antoine Du Prat