INTERNATIONAL CONFEDERATION OF STUDENTS The International Confederation of Students (Confederation Internationale des Etudiants [C.I.E.]) was founded at Strasbourg in 1919, with the triple object of creating friendship and under standing between the university students of the world, of co-ordi nating student activities in all countries, and of studying inter national questions relating to the material and intellectual life of the students. As its name indicates, it is a federation of the National Unions of Students in the various countries, and its work is carried on in complete independence of political and reli gious differences.
The Confederation has at present 32 members, the following countries being affiliated : Albania, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bul garia, Czechoslovakia, Egypt, England & Wales, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Irish Free State, Italy, Latin Americans abroad, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxemburg, Mexico, New Zealand, Palestine, Poland, Rumania, Scotland, Spain, Switzerland, Tur key, Ukrainians abroad, United States of America, White Ruthe nians abroad, Yugoslavia.
The practical work of the Confederation is carried on by per manent Commissions, of which the most important are the office of the Secretary-General (Brussels) ; the international sports office (Paris) ; and the office for international relations and travel (London), which does valuable work in encouraging and facilitat ing student travel. Among its most useful activities are the pub lication of the Handbook of Student Travel and the control of the international student identity card.
The students of England and Wales are represented in the In ternational Confederation of Students through the National Union of Students of the Universities and University Colleges of Eng land and Wales, a national federation of the Student Unions and Guilds of Undergraduates in the universities. Since its foundation in 1922 the National Union of Students has developed with great success and rapidity and now occupies a position of no small im portance in the educational world. It has largely concentrated on international work of a strictly practical kind, such as the ex change of university students between different countries, the finding of positions "au pair" both in England and abroad, and the organization of educational travel on a very wide scale. In this way it has achieved a large measure of "intellectual co-operation" between members of the younger generation in different countries. Nationally it acts as a co-ordinating link between the various University Unions and promotes discussion on matters of educa tional interest. (I. S. M.)