DRUMMOND, JAMES (1835-1918), Unitarian scholar, was born in Dublin on May 14, 1835, and was educated at Trinity college, Dublin, and Manchester New college, London. In 186o he became pastor of Cross Street chapel, Manchester, but nine years later returned to his old college in London as lecturer in biblical and historical theology. From 1885 to 1906 he held the principalship, moving with the college to Oxford where he died on June 13, 1918. As a Unitarian, Drummond advocated doctrinal freedom. He regarded Christ as the highest revelation from God but rejected the Resurrection and the nature miracles. His accep tance of the Johannine authorship of the fourth gospel is elabo rated in his Inquiry into the Character and Authorship of the Fourth Gospel (1903).
His other chief works are The Jewish Messiah (1877) ; Philo-Judaeus (1888) ; Via, Veritas, Vita (Hibbert lectures, 1894), and Studies in Christian Doctrine (1908) . His Pauline Meditations, published post humously in 1919, has a memorial introduction.