ELEPHANT-HEAD (Pedicularis groenlandica), a North American plant of the figwort family (Scrophulariaceae), native to wet soil from Greenland to Alaska and southward on mountains to New Mexico and California. It is a smooth, erect perennial, about a foot high, bearing pinnately divided leaves and a dense cluster (spike), 2 in. to 6 in. long, of crimson flowers, irregular in shape, with the upper lip produced into a long beak, at first bent downward but soon curving forward and upward, the whole strikingly suggestive of an elephant's head. The plant, which blooms in midsummer, is an interesting floral feature of alpine meadows in the national parks of the western United States and Canada. A closely related species, P. attollens, of high mountains in California, with white or pinkish flowers marked with purple, but lacking the long beak, is known as elephant-snouts.