EXILI, an Italian chemist and poisoner in the i 7th century. His real name was probably Nicolo Egidi or Eggidio. Tradition credits him with having been originally the salaried poisoner at Rome of Olympia Maidalchina, the mistress of Pope Innocent X. Subsequently he became a gentleman in waiting to Queen Christina of Sweden, whose taste for chemistry may have influenced this appointment. In 1663 he was imprisoned in the Bastille. Here he is said to have made the acquaintance of Godin de Sainte-Croix, the lover of the marquise de Brinvilliers (q.v.). After three months' imprisonment, powerful influences secured Exili's release, and in 1681 he was again in Italy, where he married the countess Fantaguzzi, second cousin of Duke Francis of Modena.