FANUM FORTUNAE (mod. Fano), an ancient town of Umbria, Italy, at the point where the Via Flaminia reaches the north-east coast of Italy. As its name (the temple of Fortune) shows it was of Roman origin. It is first mentioned, with Pis aurum and Ancona, as held by Julius Caesar in 49 B.C. Augustus planted a colony there, and round it constructed a wall (of which some remains exist), as is recorded in the inscription on the triple arch erected in his honour at the entrance to the town (A.D. 9-1o), which is still standing. Vitruvius tells us that there was, during Augustus's lifetime, a temple in his honour and a temple of Jupiter, and describes a basilica of which he himself was the architect. The arch of Augustus bears a subsequent in scription in honour of Constantine, added after his death. A colonnade was built above the arch but was removed in 1463 (shown in a relief on the façade of the church of S. Michele).